Forum Transcripts

Language Nuts and Bolts 6/22/07

Event start time:

Fri Jun 22 19:04:44 2007

Event end time:

Fri Jun 22 20:07:37 2007



Legend:
Questions from the Audience are presented in red.
Answers by the Speaker are in black.
The Moderator's comments are in blue.

Mary Rosenblum

Hello all.

Mary Rosenblum

Welcome to our Friday After Hours forum.

Mary Rosenblum

I hope you've all had a good week.

Mary Rosenblum

If any of you missed my interview of Donna Ippolito last night, I really recommend reading the transcript.

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She is an editor, a writer, and a LR instructor and she had a lot of useful information to share with everyone.

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She mentioned the importance of presenting the editor with a strong, polished manuscript and that's what this Forum is all about.

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What words do and don't work and why. Or why not.

april cassandra katko2

Were you nervous when you submitted your first story?

Mary Rosenblum

Of course! Everybody is nervous! :-)

Mary Rosenblum

You hear a lot of dos and don'ts in books on writing, from instructors, on conference panels...

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and that can be intimidating. You can end up sitting at your desk staring blankly at the page or screen while a host of 'don't do that' echoes through your head.

Mary Rosenblum

And while you'll find very few absolute 'NO!' rules in writing, those 'do this' 'don't do that' cautions are worth paying attention to.

Mary Rosenblum

Anything can work.

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But that means you use it intentionally in order to make something work.

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Too often, we use weak prose out of habit, not because we want to use a weakness in order to illustrate a point.

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Here's a wonderful exercise for you. Go to your files and pick out something you have written recently.

Mary Rosenblum

Now remove every single 'to be' verb from it.

Mary Rosenblum

No is, are, was, were, will be, would have been

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No waffling. No 'just this one'.

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You'll learn a lot about stronger construction that way.

Mary Rosenblum

Any time you begin a sentence with 'there was' or 'there is' or 'there are', or 'there were' fix it.

Mary Rosenblum

These are all weak constructions and very rarely are you going to want to use these intentionally.

Mary Rosenblum

You get told 'no adverbs'. Why not?

Mary Rosenblum

Adverbs themselves aren't really bad. Sometimes we need to modify an adjective or verb and make it stronger.

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But most of the time you could replace that adverb with a more specific word or a stronger verg.

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She ran very quickly to the house is simply stronger as she raced to the house.

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Here's another general exercise for you. :-)

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Pick up that old LR exercise or recent piece of prose and circle every word that does not give you a visual image.

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Those are 'empty' words. The fewer empty words you have in your prose (and you'll always have a few), the stronger your scene will be.

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Rewrite that piece and see if you can reduce the empty words by 50%.

geezer

Any idea how a person whose soul is poetry challenged can learn to write metaphors and similies?

Mary Rosenblum

If you don't normally use them, why write them, Geeze? Similes tend to be way overused and frequently elict eye rolls -- not normally the intended response.

Mary Rosenblum

Metaphors can get stretched until it threatens to snap.

Mary Rosenblum

Clear image, dialogue, direct action -- they can get your story across as strongly -- or even more strongly -- than the most elegant metaphor or simile.

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Don't write at a language level you do not use comfortably.

Mary Rosenblum

Many novice writers think that they need to embellish their everyday conversational voice when they write.

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Don't.

Mary Rosenblum

The number of thesauroids I see in novice prose makes me roll my eyes.

Mary Rosenblum

Thesauroids are the words you get from the thesaurus where the meaning is off just a bit, rendering the passage humorous. Unintentionally.

barbiq

Why do we use so many to be verbs so easily?

Mary Rosenblum

Some of that is internal editing I think, barb. It slows down the meaning so that we can think ahead.

Mary Rosenblum

It gives us time to dual-process -- compose the next sentence and get this one out at the same time.

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Remember in conversation you are literally thinking on your feet.

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But when you're writing, you have all the time in the world to get the words just right.

grayalien

I noticed something recently about describing colors: there are more than just the primary ones: red, blue, black, etc. Just the simple act of describing other shades, such as crimson, magenta, turquoise, adds to complexity without adding words

Mary Rosenblum

Exactly, gray.

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This is called specificity.

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And it applies to everything.

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I see a lot of 'generals' in novice prose.

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Lunch. Flower. House.

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As opposed to a grilled tuna sandwich, a spray of lilies, and a cottage.

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turquoise eyes are much more intersting than blue. :-)

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Lots of details may not suit your scene if the action is fast paced, but a single vivid detail can add a lot of visuals.

quixote

i was reading a passsage wher almost everything was "- ing"... why did it sound awkaward?

Mary Rosenblum

Oh, thanks quix. Those gerunds were next on my list. :-)

Mary Rosenblum

Gerunds are verbs ending in ing.

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They get seriously overused.

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Not only are they grammatically incorrect they give your scene a fuzzy, blurry feel.

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The family was eating dinner while she was doing her homework.

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What happens first? What happens next? Are they absolutly simultaneous, they start and end exactly at the same time?

Mary Rosenblum

was plus an ing verb indicates an action that begins and ends in contrast to an action with a shorter duration.

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The family ate dinner while she was doing her homework.

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Now we know that she started her homework and while she was doing it the family ate dinner and finished. By the time she finished her homework, dinner is over.

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Most of the time it's better to avoid gerunds altogether.

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You have a to be verb (was), an empty word.

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If it's not important to the story to know specifically that the family ate dinner and finished while she did her homework, you could writ:

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She did her homework while the family ate dinner.

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We know the events took place more or less at the same time.

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Avoid gerunds unless you need them in order to make the order of overlapping actions clear for the reader.

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Avoid telling your readers what your character is seeing or saying.

Mary Rosenblum

Joey looked out the window and saw three girls standing around under the linden tree. He wondered if that was Elizabeth, the tall one in the red dress.

Mary Rosenblum

The author is telling us that Joey is looking and that Joey is wondering.

Mary Rosenblum

Well, the author is telling us what Joey saw. I picked on the wrong verb there. :-)

Mary Rosenblum

Joey looked out the window. Three girls stood under the linden tree, chatting. Was that Elizabeth, the tall one in the red dress?

Mary Rosenblum

I didn't tell you that Joey saw them. Clearly he saw them. And clearly he's the one wondering if the tall one is Elizabeth.

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The reason you nit pick words like this is that strong prose is the greatest input in the fewest words.

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The reason for that?

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We are a visual species. The faster the images form in our heads, the faster we hear voices and see things, the more real that scene becomes.

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If we have to process lots of words and only then form the scene...we're conscious of that process and we know we're reading about something.

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If the scene forms very quickly we begin to forget that we are reading and the action begins to unfold in our mind's eye as if we are seeing it play out in front of us.

barbiq

Is that how we get the "wordy" impression when we read?

Mary Rosenblum

Exactly, barb.

Mary Rosenblum

It's because you notice all those words. You have to strain the visuals out of that soup of words.

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Many novice scenes contain real strength, but they are so wordy that they don't have the impact that is inherent in what the writer intends.

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That is where craft comes in.

barbiq

Some of the greatest novels are "wordy" though.

Mary Rosenblum

As with Dickens? :-) To name one?

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Or how about Dostoyevski?

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And we read them in spite of their wordiness. Anna Karenina lately? (I'm probably mispelling here)

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They got paid by the word.

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A cool point Donna Ippolito made last night...many of the 'classics' were 'hack' writers, working for pay by the word.

Mary Rosenblum

They touched on very powerful strengths and we still read their work, but in terms of modern prose they are wordy.

barbiq

Even more recent. Like The Eldest by Christopher Paolini

Mary Rosenblum

Well, Barb, in the publishing world of today, never confuse quality with sales numbers. And waht works works,. Hemmingway is hardly terse writing.

Mary Rosenblum

But there are many things that make up a powerful book and those strengths may outweigh a difficult or wordy read.

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I love the magic realists and that prose style is tends to be very convoluted.

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But Marquez, Ortega, and Alvarez have a lot to bring to the story.

Mary Rosenblum

Does that mean you can say 'but they're wordy so I can be wordy'.

Mary Rosenblum

Only if the strengths in your story vastly outweight the wordiness. :-)

charie'

Isn't the "wordiness" dependant on the era when they were written?

Mary Rosenblum

Very much.

Mary Rosenblum

Edwardian prose style and South American prose style is quite different than today's US or European prose style.

Mary Rosenblum

Also, an intentional wordiness where the author sacrifices pacing for depth of detail or long soliloquies on the part of the main character is not at all the same

Mary Rosenblum

as a lot of to be verbs, gerunds, and empty words in what is supposed to be a strong action scene!

Mary Rosenblum

They are not the same thing at all.

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Your prose needs to suit your story. They should not be separable.

dim writer

Why do some writers ,write cold snow or hot fire?

Mary Rosenblum

You know, dim, you can find an example of every bad prose habit out there in some published piece of work.

Mary Rosenblum

Published does not equal excellent. I wish it did, but it doesn't.

april cassandra katko2

Would you submit to magazine if you only got copies of the magazine?

Mary Rosenblum

You mean instead of money, april? Well, I probably wouldn't send something there first, that's for sure.

Mary Rosenblum

But if I had exhausted my paying markets and I was a novice writer with no published clips, then I probably would.

Mary Rosenblum

I might not get any cash, but I'd now have a published clip.

Mary Rosenblum

Always start with the top paying market for which your story or ariticle is suited.

barbiq

So self-editing is critical to maintain your own standards?

Mary Rosenblum

I don't know anybody who writes perfection in the first draft, barb, and I know a LOT of writers personally. Pros, I mean. Well published pros.

Mary Rosenblum

Every one of us does several revisions. Some do many revisions.

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All of us depend more on our own editing than on anyone else's, even the publisher's editor.

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Only you really know what you intend to do with your story, so you make it as strong as you can. Input from others is very important, but your input needs to come first

Mary Rosenblum

and one of the things you learn to do as a writer is separate yourself from that story, stand back, and look at it with a critical eye.

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Believe me that takes practice!

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It's often very useful to put it aside and work on something else for a couple of weeks.

dim writer

So I should just get it on paper and then edit?

Mary Rosenblum

Most people find that works best. If you try to edit as you go you can run out of creative energy and simply bog down halfway through.

Mary Rosenblum

Your inspiration, your ideas, are the soul of your story, but you need to make your words as strong as they can be so that your inspiration and ideas are as clear and strong

Mary Rosenblum

to the readers as they are to you. That's where prose skills come in.

quixote

Do you thing software like 'Word'has had some influence on editing on the go? and is it evil? :-)

Mary Rosenblum

YOu mean like grammar check, quixote?

quixote

and copy , paste delete

Mary Rosenblum

Well, grammar check is only going to hurt you if you use it. :-) Mine is turned off. It's often wrong.

Mary Rosenblum

AS to cut and paste, I LOVE IT!

Mary Rosenblum

It used to be LITERALLY cut and paste, dear, and often one did not change something because it meant retyping all those darn pages.

Mary Rosenblum

The computer does allow you to play with words, move them around, see if this works better here or there. You can do on the page what you used to do mostly in your head

Mary Rosenblum

and I personally find the visual component useful.

Mary Rosenblum

Grammar check is good if your grammar skills are very poor, but it's wrong as often as it's right, I find.

Mary Rosenblum

Just turn it off.

kolanda

do you think prose skills can come from reading a lot?

Mary Rosenblum

Of course.

Mary Rosenblum

You may not know how you're doing something exactly, but you'll know when it feels right.

Mary Rosenblum

I can remember very clearly the first story I wrote where I thought 'I did it! This is really a strong story!'.

Mary Rosenblum

I didn't know WHY It was a strong story, but it 'felt right'.

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And by the way, that was not my first published story. It was something like my third or fourth. :-)

barbiq

Do you think writing poetry helps or hurts?

Mary Rosenblum

Any writing helps. Poetry, as with flash fiction, forces you to find the most 'bang for your buck' in your word choices.

Mary Rosenblum

I often feel that people who begin with novel form are often 'sloppier' writers than those who start with short fiction. They have more room and they don't learn to write as tightly as someone

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who is trying to squeeze a story into a few thousand words.

grayalien

I had an idea of going through the manuscript and analyzing the scenes, then thinking of specific words that describe the right mood, and finding ways to work those into the narrative.

Mary Rosenblum

That's how you do revision, gray.

Mary Rosenblum

My first revision is gross anatomy...by that I mean I add any scenes or change timelines...do any major structural changes.

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Second pass is characaterization -- body langauge, tone of voice, pauses, thoughts.

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Third pass is for language -- rhythm, nuance, shaded tones, subtle choices to reflect mood.

kolanda

as a novice writer I have found the 2nd assignment where it is suggested to start with the climax very difficult. Is that unusual, I just feel stuck.

Mary Rosenblum

It's pretty typical for people who are predominantly novel readers, kolanda. :-) YOu're used to a novel dramatic arc...start before the plot begins, rise to the climax, and conclude.

Mary Rosenblum

Very hard to do in 1000 words. :-) Short story is a different form.

Mary Rosenblum

Well, this has been a fun forum and I hope it helps you strengthen those words. :-)

Mary Rosenblum

I'll post the transcript in the usual place -- Writing Craft Forum Transcripts.

Mary Rosenblum

Do join us Sunday for our casual chat...we just get together to talk about whatever

Mary Rosenblum

Have a good weekend all!

 

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